• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The inventive method provides to produce a concrete workpiece (60) in which fresh concrete poured into a negative (80) of the workpiece (60), in this at least partially cured and then removed from the mold, characterized in that of the concrete workpiece to be produced (60) made a positive, this is placed in a casting mold and then in turn is poured with a negative fresh concrete, demolded the negative fresh concrete after at least partial curing and the concrete body thus prepared in turn is used as a negative (80) to the workpiece (60) through the fresh concrete poured into the negative (80).
    公开号:CH714834A2
    申请号:CH00396/18
    申请日:2018-03-26
    公开日:2019-09-30
    发明作者:Pedretti-Rodi Andrea
    申请人:Pquadrum Eng Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (57) The method according to the invention provides for producing a concrete workpiece (60), in which fresh concrete is poured into a negative (80) of the workpiece (60), at least partially cured in it and then demolded, characterized in that the concrete workpiece to be produced (60) produces a positive, this is arranged in a cast casing and then in turn poured with a negative fresh concrete, the negative fresh concrete is demolded after at least partial hardening and the concrete body thus produced is in turn used as negative (80) to insert the workpiece therein (60) by the fresh concrete poured into the negative (80).
    CH 714 834 A2
    Description: The present invention relates to a method for producing a concrete workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1 and a negative for producing a concrete workpiece according to claim 6.
    It is known to pour fresh concrete (i.e. the pourable concrete mix before pouring) into a formwork, usually from wooden slats, and thus to produce simple and large concrete parts. The concrete mixes available today increasingly allow a refined shape that is not only very precise in terms of dimensions, but is also dimensioned according to the operational stress of the concrete workpiece to be manufactured. This means that the need to be able to manufacture complex concrete parts in series, i.e. Concrete parts with a multi-part or complicated shape, which as such was until recently reserved for materials other than concrete. This is realized today by casting molds for the concrete workpiece, i.e. Negatives made of metal and the fresh concrete is poured into such a negative.
    A disadvantage of such processes is that such negatives made of metal are expensive to produce, for example because the machining by the metal-cutting process and the metal itself are complex or expensive.
    Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide an improved manufacturing process for concrete workpieces, especially for those with a complicated shape.
    This object is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1 or by a negative with the features of claim 6.
    The fact that the negative itself is made of concrete, eliminates the elaborate processing steps for its shape, the positive for producing the negative can in turn be made of an easily editable material such as wood or plastic, which is the effort in relation to Expenditure for a negative made of metal only increased insignificantly.
    In addition, the task can also be realized with cast concrete negatives, which can not be realized with a negative made of metal or only with disproportionate effort.
    [0008] Further preferred embodiments have the features of the dependent claims.
    The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures.
    [0010] It shows:
    Fig. 1a schematically shows a concrete workpiece in cross section, which is to be produced according to the invention
    1b schematically shows the positive of the concrete workpiece in cross section with an associated solid
    Fig. 2a shows schematically a castable populated cast shell in cross section
    Fig. 2b schematically shows the casting shell cast with negative fresh concrete in cross section
    Fig. 2c schematically shows the demolded negative in cross section
    Fig. 2d schematically in cross section the negative equipped for the casting of the fresh concrete
    Fig. 2e schematically in cross section the concrete workpiece produced in the negative
    Fig. 2f schematically in cross section the concrete workpiece prepared for demolding in the negative
    3a is a scale of a concrete workpiece to be manufactured according to the invention in the form of a gear,
    3b shows a detail of the gear of Fig. 3a,
    4a to scale a positive of the gearwheel of FIG. 3a arranged in a cast casing,
    4b shows a detail of the arrangement of Fig. 4a,
    Fig. 5a to scale an inventive negative made of concrete for the manufacture of the gear of Fig. 3a, and
    Fig. 5b shows a detail of the negative of Fig. 5a.
    Fig. 1a shows schematically a concrete workpiece 1 to be produced in cross section with a cast structural element, which is designed here as a threaded sleeve 2, the body of the concrete workpiece 1 having inclined side surfaces 2 and 3. The concrete workpiece is only shown here as an example, and stands for all possible simple or complicated shapes that the expert wants to produce as a concrete workpiece. Any number of structural elements can also be provided, which are of different designs. The structural element 2 shown here has
    CH 714 834 A2 an internal thread so that a threaded bolt can be screwed in, which is then firmly anchored to the concrete workpiece 1. Alternatively, a bayonet lock or a ball bearing is conceivable - in principle, all pourable machine elements are possible, whereby the only thing that is important for the pourability is that the outer shape of the machine element ensures a firm fit in the hardened concrete of the concrete workpiece 1. Fig. 1b shows an inventive, the outer contour of the concrete workpiece 1 corresponding positive 5 concrete workpiece 1, also in cross section. The oblique positive side surfaces 6 and 7, which correspond to the side surfaces 3 and 4 of the concrete workpiece 1, can be seen. Also visible is a structural channel 8 in the positive 5, which allows, for example, 5 structural elements to be attached to the positive, or the positive 5 itself to a cast casing, see FIG. see the description below. The positive 5 is preferably made of wood, but can also consist of plastic such as nylon or another material. Both materials are easily machinable, and if necessary, complex and difficult bodies can be made from both materials without the expense being high.
    A solid body 10 is designed such that it can be arranged on a portion of the positive, here on the side surface 7, here on its side surface 11. Then the solid body 10 continues the volume of the positive 5, the then from the Positive 5 and body 15 composed of solid body 10 has a corresponding new outer contour, here with side surface 14. Solid body 10 is also provided with a structural channel 13 here. It should be noted here that the solid body 10, like the concrete workpiece 1 or the positive 5, can be designed as desired, but always in such a way that it can continue its volume adjacent to a section of the positive. Like the positive 5, the solid 10 can preferably be made of wood or plastic. Fig. 2a shows a cast casing 20, which is designed here as a simple, open-topped basin. The positive 5 is now inserted into the cast casing 20 on its inner bottom surface 21, as is the solid 10, which adjoins a section of the positive 5 (here on its side surface 7, see above) and thus continues its volume. For the structural channels 8, 13, openings 23, 24 are provided in the base 22 of the cast casing 20, which allow access to them. In this way, for example, structural elements 25, 26 provided with internal threads can be fixed from the side of the bottom 22 via threaded bolts symbolized by the dash-dotted lines 27, 28 on the upper outside 29 of the positive 5 and the solid 10. This fixation also defines the positive 5 and the solid 10 on the cast casing 20.
    Preferably, the cast casing 20, which is generally designed as a simple basin, is made of metal, be it iron or aluminum. Because of the simple shape, the outlay for a metallic cast casing 20 is negligible.
    FIG. 2b shows the cast casing 20 equipped according to FIG. 1, which is filled with negative fresh concrete 30 up to the line 31, so that the structural element 25 is poured in, but is not covered. Negative fresh concrete 30 is a concrete mixture that is used for the concrete negative to be produced, which can be different from the concrete mixture for the workpiece 1 (FIG. 1) and is accordingly referred to as negative fresh concrete. Depending on the concrete mixture or mixtures used, the person skilled in the art can provide a separating layer, for example wax, between the positive and the negative fresh concrete.
    After the at least partial hardening of the negative fresh concrete 30, i.e. up to a hardness that allows demolding from the cast casing 20, the demolding takes place in the corresponding demolding direction 32. For this purpose, the connection between the floor 22 and the structural elements 25, 26 (as well as the positive 5 and the solid 10) must be released, which can easily be done via the openings 23, 24. It follows that on the positive 5 structural elements 25 are detachably arranged, which the negative fresh concrete encloses during casting, and the structural elements 25 are detached from the positive 5 for the demoulding of the negative 35 from the cast casing 20 in such a way that the structural elements 25 remain in negative 35.
    Fig. 2c shows the concrete body obtained after demolding, i.e. the negative 35 with the cast-in structural elements 25, 26, which, however, only partially corresponds to the positive 5 and thus to the concrete workpiece 1 to be produced: the negative 35 has for this a casting trough 36 with the bottom 37 and the side walls 38, 39, which, however, around the Solid 10 is too large.
    However, it is easy to see that without the solid 10, the positive 5 and the negative 35 could not have been separated from one another, see FIG. 2b: the inclination of the side surface 7 of the positive 5 would not allow the positive 5 to be separated from the solidified concrete 30 without the solid 10. In the embodiment shown, the positive 5 therefore has a contour in one section (here the side face 7), which, due to its design, prevents the removal from the mold 32. Correspondingly, a solid 10 is arranged on this section, which adjoins this section, continues the volume of the positive 5 in the cast casing 20, and in turn has an outer contour (here the side face 14), which allows the demolding. If the positive 5 must not be destroyed, the solid 10 is necessary depending on the shape of the positive 5 with regard to the demolding.
    Fig. 2d shows the hardened (negative) concrete consisting of negative 35, which is equipped for casting with fresh concrete to produce a concrete workpiece 1 (Fig. 1). Again, the person skilled in the art can apply a suitable separating layer to the negative 35. Via the structural element 25 cast in the negative 35, with the aid of a screw symbolized by the dash-dotted line 40, a further structural element 41 is attached to the negative in the region of FIG
    CH 714 834 A2
    Casting trough 36 arranged, as well as a solid 42, which is screwed to the structural element 26 of the negative 35 via a screw symbolized by the dash-dotted line 43. The casting trough now has the shape of the concrete workpiece 1 to be produced (FIG. 1), the structural element 41 corresponding to the threaded sleeve 2 (FIG. 1).
    The negative 35 can now be filled to the level according to the dashed line 44 with fresh concrete.
    Fig. 2e shows the concrete negative 35 in which the fresh concrete is at least partially, i.e. to the extent that it has hardened and has formed the concrete workpiece 1 such that it can be removed from the mold. For this purpose, the solid 42 is first removed by loosening its screw connection (dash-dotted line 43), see FIG. Fig. 2f. The concrete workpiece 1 can then be removed from the negative 35 in the demolding direction 45. If desired, the negative 35 can be re-loaded by reinserting the solid 42 and a new structural element 41. The negative 35 is suitable for series production.
    There is a method for producing a concrete workpiece 1, in which fresh concrete is poured into a negative 35 of the workpiece 1, at least partially cured in it and then removed from the mold, a positive 5 being produced from the concrete workpiece to be produced, this in a cast casing 20 arranged and then in turn poured over with a negative fresh concrete, the negative fresh concrete is demolded after at least partial hardening and the concrete body produced in this way is in turn used as a negative 35 in order to produce the workpiece 1 therein by the fresh concrete 35 into the negative.
    Fig. 3a shows to scale a workpiece manufactured according to the invention, namely a gear 60 with a radius of 800 mm, a ring gear 61, a hub 62 and spokes 63. About the gear 60 is arranged on this, not to relieve the figure shown heliostat pivoted for tracking the sun. The pivoting movement is approx. 157 min, is triggered by a pinion meshing with the ring gear 61 and must be carried out precisely, the connection of the gear wheel 60 with the heliostat having to pass the pivoting movement on to it just as precisely. Accordingly, the manufacturing tolerances are small and have not yet been implemented for a concrete workpiece in the prior art. The gearwheel 60 has a first structural element 64, namely an axis of rotation fixed in the hub 62, and second structural elements 65 at the end of the spokes 63, which are designed as sleeves, which receive positioning pins of the heliostat arranged on the gearwheel 60 and transmit the rotational movement thereon ,
    FIG. 3b shows the region 65 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3a as an enlarged detail drawing. In the ring gear 61, the height of the teeth is 10 mm, the tooth pitch is 18 mm.
    Fig. 4a shows a cast iron cup 70 according to the invention made of sheet iron, in which a positive 71 of the gear 60 (Fig. 3a and 3b) is arranged, which is made of wood except for the positive of the ring gear 72 (Fig. 3a and 3b) is made. The positive 72 is made of plastic, here nylon. Structural elements 73 designed as sleeves for the positive are arranged in the positive 71, which are cast in the negative to be subsequently cast and remain in it.
    In the cast shell 70, in addition to the positive 71, contour elements 78 are arranged, which have the outline of further structural elements 75 or tools 76 and thus allow space in the negative for the arrangement of structural elements and tools, see FIG. see Fig. 5a.
    FIG. 4b shows the area 77 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 4a as an enlarged detail drawing.
    Fig. 5a shows a concrete negative 80, created by pouring negative fresh concrete into the casting shell 60 (Fig. 3a, 3b). The further structural elements 73 designed as sleeves, which are cast into the concrete of the negative 80, as well as the negative of the toothed ring 81 and the negatives of the contour elements 82 with the negatives of the tools 83 can be seen. This results in a negative for the production of a concrete workpiece, produced by the method described above, which consists at least partially (see below) of concrete. This negative has encapsulated structural elements and preferably recesses for tools, the structural elements preferably being designed for a releasable connection with solid bodies and / or structural elements of the concrete workpiece (see also the description for FIGS. 2b and 3a).
    FIG. 5b shows the region 84 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 5a as an enlarged detail drawing. The negative of the ring gear 81 has almost vertical side walls 85, 86. It should be noted here that such a negative 80 is easy to produce by pouring concrete, but the production of a negative from approximately aluminum with the same contour of the negative of the toothed ring would be problematic and complex.
    The effort for a positive 71 with a cast shell 70 (FIG. 4a) is about a quarter of that for an aluminum negative according to FIG. 5a, it then having to be assumed that the negative of the ring gear 81 would have to be changed to the aluminum negative to be able to manufacture at all. The effort for ten negatives 80 (FIG. 5a) is again about a quarter of the effort for an aluminum negative. If small series of perhaps several hundred pieces are to be produced, this can only be done with great effort with an aluminum negative, but is simple with the concrete negatives produced according to the invention: since several negatives are available, long (parallel) hardening times for the concrete workpiece (here the gear 60 ) possible - this saves expensive concrete mixes for quick (serial) curing time and the effort required for the cooling required for a quick curing time. On the whole, production is considerably simplified and made cheaper, not only with regard to the concrete negatives, but also for the subsequent production of the series parts.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    CH 714 834 A2 In an embodiment not shown in the figures, the negative is partly made of concrete and partly made of another material, for example metal, for example when the metal part can be produced very easily and for one part of the workpiece complicated shape is provided. Then, according to the invention, there is a method in which the positive is partially formed and a negative solid and a negative section made of a material other than concrete are used for the missing part, and the negative connected to the negative section made of different material is used for the casting of the concrete workpiece becomes. Then the concrete negative according to the invention has a section made of a material other than concrete.
    claims
    1. A method for producing a concrete workpiece (1, 60), in which fresh concrete is poured into a negative (35, 80) of the workpiece (1, 60), at least partially cured in it and then removed from the mold, characterized in that the product to be produced Concrete workpiece (1, 60) a positive (5, 71) is produced, this is arranged in a cast casing (20, 70) and then in turn poured with a negative fresh concrete, the negative fresh concrete is demolded after at least partial hardening (35, 80) and the concrete body produced in this way is in turn used as a negative (35, 80) in order to produce the workpiece (1, 60) therein by the fresh concrete poured into the negative (35, 80).
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the positive (5) has a contour in one section, which prevents the removal from the mold by its formation relative to the demolding direction, and wherein a solid (10) is arranged on this section connects, the volume of the positive (5) in the cast casing (20) continues and in turn has an outer contour that allows the demolding.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, wherein on the positive (5, 71) structural elements (25, 26, 73) are releasably arranged, which the negative fresh concrete encloses during casting, and wherein for the demolding of the negative (35, 80) from the Cast casing (20, 70) the structural elements (25, 26, 73) are detached from the positive (5, 71) in such a way that the structural elements (25, 26, 73) remain in the negative (35, 80).
    [4]
    4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the cast casing (70) next to the positive (71) contour elements (72) are arranged, which generate space in the negative (80) for the arrangement of tools.
    [5]
    5. The method of claim 1, wherein the positive partially formed and for the missing part, a negative solid and a negative section made of a different material than concrete, and wherein for the casting of the concrete workpiece, the negative is used connected to the negative section made of different material ,
    [6]
    6. Negative for the production of a concrete workpiece, produced by the method of claim 1, characterized in that it consists at least partially of concrete.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20210291402A1|2021-09-23|
    WO2019183737A1|2019-10-03|
    CH714834B1|2021-12-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR1517144A|1967-02-28|1968-03-15|Molding system for precast concrete elements|
    JPH0796216B2|1988-10-24|1995-10-18|株式会社竹中工務店|Method of manufacturing form for PC plate manufacturing|
    法律状态:
    2021-05-14| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00396/18A|CH714834B1|2018-03-26|2018-03-26|Method and device for producing a concrete work piece.|CH00396/18A| CH714834B1|2018-03-26|2018-03-26|Method and device for producing a concrete work piece.|
    US17/041,295| US20210291402A1|2018-03-26|2019-03-25|Method and device for producing a concrete workpiece|
    PCT/CH2019/050005| WO2019183737A1|2018-03-26|2019-03-25|Method and device for producing a concrete workpiece|
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